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چکیده
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Objectives: Theileriosis exerts a substantial impact on ruminants, resulting in significant economic losses within the animal husbandry sector. The current vaccine, a live attenuated parasite, has several limitations that hinder effective disease control. This study utilized immunoinformatics to prioritize potential vaccine candidates and pointed to the design of a novel mRNA vaccine against T. annulata using in silico methods. Methods: Nine antigenic proteins were selected using various software, and their epitopes were identified through immunoinformatics tools. These epitopes were assessed for their biological traits, and homology. Their presentation by MHC cells and other immune cells was analyzed using molecular docking techniques. A multi-epitope protein was then modeled and optimized, followed by structural and stability analysis of the mRNA vaccine construct. Finally, the immune response to the new vaccine was simulated. Results: The identified epitopes were localized within the antigen-binding sites of their respective MHC alleles. The newly formulated vaccine demonstrated stability, exhibited no toxicity, and showed non-allergenic characteristics. It effectively elicited responses from both the humoral and cellular immune systems. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the desired engineered mRNA vaccine paves the way for the development of the deterrence of Theileriosis. These potential merits additional exploration through rigorous laboratory experiments and subsequent clinical trials.
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