Eucalyptus trees are massive and rapidly growing Oceania trees, but have spread to various parts of the world. This tree have been cultivated since first being imported 50 years ago and now it covers a vast range of lands in the northern, central, and southern part of Iran. One of the most productive and best adapted species in the plantings was Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Growth and survival of five Eucalyptus camaldulensis provenances (two from Mazandaran, one from Guilan, one from Ahwaz and one from Ilam) were analyzed in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research center of Tropical Plants in Mehran during 2009-2013. The study evaluated survival, height, Circumference at breast height (C.B.H), canopy diameter growth (C.D.G) 147 trees per provenance. The result of ANOVA indicated a significant difference between the seed origins for all traits (p<0.01). The means of annual height growth of five studied provenances varied from 64.57 to 205.29 cm. Shafarood and Ahwaz provenances had the best height growth. Furthermore, the C.B.H in the selected provenances ranged between 3.60 and 9.44 cm, among which Shafarood and Ahwaz had the greatest C.B.H. In addition, the C.D.G ranged between 75.26 and 25.51 cm, among which Ahwaz and Shafarood provenances had the greatest C.D.G. The survival rate of the studied provenances ranged between 41.7% and 98.3%, where Shafarood and Mehran provenances had the highest rate of survival. Finally, the seedlings from the Shafarood origin indicated the highest average in all the studied characteristics. Our results provide useful information for the selection E. camaldulensis of provenances to be used for future afforestation in the Mehran region.
