In this research, a novel magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF) composite, [Fe3O4@BP-MOF-Pd(0)], was successfully fabricated via a facile strategy involving the in-situ growth of a zirconium-based MOF on the surface of bear Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The MOF was constructed using ZrCl4 as the metal cluster and 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid as the organic linker, furnishing accessible bipyridine moieties for subsequent coordination with palladium chloride. Comprehensive characterization using diverse spectroscopic and physicochemical techniques confirmed the successful formation, distinct chemical structure, and desirable physical characteristics of the composite. The synthesized nanomagnetic MOF-supported palladium complex demonstrated exceptional catalytic activity in the selective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. This catalyst efficiently facilitated the coupling of a broad scope of aryl halides (including challenging aryl chlorides, bromides, and iodides) with phenylboronic acid, affording the corresponding biphenyl derivatives in high yields. Optimal catalytic performance was achieved by fine-tuning reaction parameters, including catalyst loading, solvent (ethanol, as a green alternative), and temperature. The methodology exhibited remarkable selectivity toward Suzuki coupling products and was sensitive to the electronic and steric effects of substituents on the aryl halides. Crucially, the catalyst displayed heterogeneous characteristics, negligible palladium leaching, and superior magnetic separability and reusability for at least five consecutive cycles without significant loss of activity. This study highlights a highly efficient, recyclable, and environmentally benign catalytic system with enhanced performance compared to existing methodologies, offering significant promise for sustainable organic synthesis.
