The present study seeks to investigate the capacity of Polyaniline/Hydroxyethyl cellulose (PAni/HEC) nano-adsorbent to adsorb cationic dye namely methylene blue from aqueous solution. Different concentration of HEC was used in composite synthesis and its effect on dye adsorption onto PAni/HEC nanocomposite was investigated. Initially, it was observed that polyaniline adsorbed 74.73% of methylene blue. Results show that adsorption capacity increased from 76.13 to 81.44 when %weight of HEC increased from 5 to 20%. Also the morphology and chemical structure of nano-adsorbent were studied using SEM and FTIR.