Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are becoming increasingly popular as a solution for water pollution, owing to their effectiveness in eliminating organic contaminants. Due to their unique properties including adjustable bandgap, high surface area and robust electron transfer capabilities, metal sulfides have attracted great interest as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for advanced AOPs. These materials are especially effective in degrading the most persistent organic pollutants and are important for solving environmental problems. Metal sulfides have been shown to possess catalytic potential in AOPs, and their capability to yield or promote pollutant degradation through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Discussion is given of recent advancements in improving the performance of metal sulfides, such as through hybrid materials or doping, as well as challenges which include stability, toxicity, and economic scalability. The integration of metal sulfides into sustainable water treatment systems and their applications in addressing emerging contaminants are also emphasized. By addressing current limitations through innovative designs and advanced applications, metal sulfides hold promise for developing efficient and environmentally friendly solutions to global water pollution challenges. This chapter provides insights into their potential as next-generation catalysts for sustainable environmental remediation.
