This research explores semantic shifts in loanwords from Arabic and English into Persian, highlighting linguistic adaptation and sociocultural influences. Through comparative analysis of selected terms, it examines how Arabic loanwords, tied to Islamic concepts and governance, undergo semantic narrowing or expansion, while English loanwords, linked to technology and popular culture, exhibit shifts shaped by modern contexts. Employing historical linguistics and sociolinguistic frameworks, the study reveals the interplay between language contact, cultural identity, and power structures. Findings demonstrate that these semantic changes are deeply connected to Iran's cultural and historical developments, with borrowed vocabulary reflecting societal transformations. By uncovering patterns of semantic adaptation aligned with sociocultural shifts, this work not only sheds light on linguistic borrowing mechanisms but also provides insights into the complex relationship between language, culture, and power in Iran. It enriches discussions on language evolution, cultural exchange, and globalization's sociolinguistic impact in nonWestern contexts.
