2026/9/8

Leila Shoja

Academic rank: Assistant Professor
ORCID:
Education: PhD.
ResearchGate:
Faculty: Literature and Humanities
ScholarId:
E-mail: l.shoja [at] ilam.ac.ir
ScopusId:
Phone:
H-Index:

Research

Title
Formulating a Classification of Types and Sources of Verbal Conflicts in the Persian Language Using a Mixed Method Approach
Type
Thesis
Keywords
Ke Developmentywords: Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Verbal Conflict, Scale Validation, Scale
Year
2025
Researchers Maryam Emadifar(Student)، Reza Khany(PrimaryAdvisor)، Leila Shoja(Advisor)

Abstract

Conflict is an inherent element in human relationships, triggered by various factors like money, time, religion, politics, and culture. This study focuses on verbal conflict in an Iranian context. According to the importance of this Issue, researcher develops a model with six key factors: Presupposition, Personality, Stereotype, Cultural Differences, Linguistic Inappropriacy, and Body Language. The research refines this model through thorough analyses, revealing intricate aspects of verbal conflicts. The questionnaire for verbal conflict includes 6 main concepts, 18 sub-concepts, and 72 questions. The reliability and validity of this questionnaire have been confirmed. To analyze the collected data and to examine the paths of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the Amos software was utilized. The results of the SEM analyses showed significant relationships such that the model fit indices (ϰ^2/df<5,RMSEA≤0.05,GFI>0.9,AGFI>0.900,NFI>0.90,CFI>0.90,IFI>0.90) confirmed the existence of this relationship. The research reveals that these six factors strongly affect verbal conflict. The findings of this research will have many applications for researchers, and professionals skilled in this field."